“North Pole 1” was the first drifting station in history, established for scientific hydrological and geographical research in the Arctic. The station was opened on June 6, 1937, approximately 20 kilometers from the North Pole. Its mission was to conduct comprehensive research in the Arctic region, including meteorological observations, oceanographic studies, and investigations of ice conditions. The goal was to collect critical data on weather patterns, sea ice movement, and other environmental factors to enhance understanding of the Arctic climate and its role in global weather systems.

The station operated for nine months, during which the ice floe drifted 2,850 kilometers. The expedition concluded on February 19, 1938.